1976-2005年唐山地区降水变化规律及干旱预测

利用唐山市1976-2005年各县年降水序列，分析了该市降水的空间分布规律和时间变化特点。采用灰色系统的灾变预测方法，对各县分别建立了GM（1，1）模型，进行未来25年唐山市各站的干旱年预测。利用残差检验、后验差检验和关联度检验对各模型分别进行了精度检验。结果表明，预测模型精度较高，可以对唐山市各县未来的干旱年进行预测，从而为科学决策提供依据。     

On experimental setup in bioelectromagnetics

Bioeffects created by electromagnetic field (EMF) are the subject of intensive studies. This paper critically considers estimations of exposure to EMF in bioelectromagnetic experiments. Results of calculations presented herein show the significant role of the presence of conducting bodies (the exposure system) near an object under test on EMF energy absorption as well as mutual interactions between simultaneously exposed objects. Our aims herein are twofold: firstly to find a way to refer measurement results to free-space conditions in order to enable comparison of results obtained in different laboratories, and secondly to show that EMF energy absorption in any exposed object is different and that this difference is a function of the size of the exposure system, the number of exposed objects, and the particular properties (i.e., the electromagnetic structure) of the objects. In the authors’ opinion the existence of interactions caused by the presence of the exposure system and other exposed objects is a reason why remarkable differences are observed between experiments performed even under supposedly identical conditions. The presented considerations and conclusion suggest wider participation of physicists and engineers in bioelectromagnetic experiments in order to ensure the correctness of metrological aspects of these experiments.     

矿井通风系统安全性的多层次模糊综合评价

按照事故致因理论,并进行系统安全分析和易发事故分析,建立了矿井通风系统安全性的多层次评价体系;应用层次分析法和Matlab软件,确定矿井通风系统安全性评价体系中各子系统及各指标的权重;结合实际经验,根据安全规范构造各指标隶属度;进而根据评价集构造了梯形分布的隶属函数,并得到各指标对评价集的最终隶属度、模糊关系矩阵和综合评价矩阵;求得矿井通风系统安全状况的综合得分,进而划分安全评价等级,并提出了对应各等级的处理措施。将该评价方法应用到重庆开县桃园联合煤矿,取得了良好的效果。     

汽车气制动ABS调节阀测试系统气动测试回路设计研究

针对气制动防抱死制动系统(ABS)调节阀测试系统气动回路设计进行研究;根据我国的汽车生产和检测现状,在确定气动测试回路总体方案的基础上,进行主控部分、负载回路、控制回路的设计和计算,所设计的气路检测系统可用于测试8种典型的气制动元件的密封性及动静态特性,通过不同的组合能够满足每一种阀的测试需求。该气动测试回路有效解决了简单阀类测量方法的不足,满足不了生产率及测量精度要求的问题。     

河网水质模型研究进展

纵观水质模型的研究、应用及相关科学的发展，本文针对现有的水质模型做了分析评价，简要介绍了河网水质模型的未来研究趋势，并提出了几点建议。     

针对供热系统的安全节能自控系统设计与开发

针对供热系统存在的水力失衡、能耗高、故障多、事故风险大等问题,分析了系统中的主要能耗环节和危险性,提出了安全节能自控系统的结构,详细研究和分析了主系统和子系统的工作原理及节能机制,设计开发了集实时智能自动监控、预警报警、故障诊断、数据管理、安全分析等功能于一体的安全节能自控系统。所开发系统的工程示范应用表明达到了一定程度的节能降耗、安全稳定和经济运行的良好效果。     

有机污染胁迫对人工湿地中浮萍抗氧化系统的影响

湿地植物在处理高负荷有机废水时会受到不同程度的氧化胁迫。本研究基于对浮萍的有机污染胁迫模拟系统,通过对浮萍脂质过氧化和抗氧化防御系统的监测与分析,研究了浮萍对有机污染胁迫的耐受能力及胁迫去除后浮萍的恢复规律。结果表明,浮萍对有机污染胁迫具有较高的耐受性,在胁迫去除后,具有一定的恢复能力。在COD小于400mg/L时,浮萍并未受到氧化胁迫;当COD达到800 mg/L时,浮萍体内ROS含量上升,细胞膜脂过氧化加剧,但抗氧化酶活性升高,抗氧化物质含量增加,浮萍可保持生长,胁迫去除后,抗氧化防御系统可恢复到对照水平;当COD过高（≥1 000mg/L）,ROS急剧上升,抗氧化防御系统遭受破坏,造成不可逆伤害,胁迫去除后不能恢复正常生长。     

依托建筑行业特色,优化安全学科建设

简介全国及省内高校安全学科建设发展的概况,重点分析安徽建筑工业学院开办的安全学科课程体系,探讨其安全学科建设中有待解决和完善的地方,指出通过逐步完善课程体系来优化安全学科建设,并提出建筑特色的安全学科培养体系和优化安全学科建设的新理念,为学院进一步明确坚持"发挥优势,协调发展,特色取胜"的办学思路及"规模、结构、质量、效益、特色"的基本发展方针提供一定的参考;同时为丰富和发展我国安全学科建设,推动安全工程专业教育提供了新理念以及宝贵的实践经验。实践证明,依托建筑行业特色,以建筑安全为主线的课程体系培养的毕业生得到了用人单位好评,学生就业供不应求。     

国内外旅游系统模型研究综述

从系统论角度来考虑。人类的旅游活动是一个系统。旅游系统是备种旅游事象的集合体。是通过旅游者的旅游活动使备组成要素相互联系、相互作用构成的一个有机整体．它具有实现旅游价值的整体功能。在分析和阐释旅游系统特征的基础上，以时间为序列对国内外学者提出的旅游系统模型进行了介绍评述和总结．指出系统论的观点不仅为旅游资源的开发提供了认识论基础；同时又为旅游规划和开发提供了方法论基础，并提出，对具有环境观和复杂性特点的旅游地理系统的研究将成为未来旅游科学的重要研究方向。旅游系统模型的建立将为旅游（业）的研究提供现实的理论基础。     

Optimal Expansion Strategy for a Sewer System under Uncertainty

Because of fast urban sprawl, land use competition, and the gap in available funds and needed funds, municipal decision makers and planners are looking for more cost-effective and sustainable ways to improve their sewer infrastructure systems. The dominant approaches have turned to planning the sanitary sewer systems within a regional context, while the decentralized and on-site/cluster wastewater systems have not overcome the application barriers. But regionalization policy confers uncertainties and risks upon cities while planning for future events. Following the philosophy of smart growth, this paper presents several optimal expansion schemes for a fast-growing city in the US/Mexico borderlands—the city of Pharr in Texas under uncertainty. The waste stream generated in Pharr is divided into three distinct sewer sheds within the city limit, including south region, central region, and north region. The options available include routing the wastewater to a neighboring municipality (i.e., McAllen) for treatment and reuse, expanding the existing wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the south sewer shed, and constructing a new WWTP in the north sewer shed. Traditional deterministic least-cost optimization applied in the first stage can provide a cost-effective and technology-based decision without respect to associated uncertainties system wide. As the model is primarily driven by the fees charged for wastewater transfer, sensitivity analysis was emphasized by the inclusion of varying flat-rate fees for adjustable transfer schemes before contracting process that may support the assessment of fiscal benefits to all parties involved. Yet uncertainties might arise from wastewater generation, wastewater reuse, and cost increase in constructing and operating the new wastewater treatment plant simultaneously. When dealing with multiple sources of uncertainty, the grey mixed integer programming (GIP) model, formulated in the second stage, can further allow all sources of uncertainties to propagate throughout the optimization context, simultaneously leading to determine a wealth of optimal decisions within a reasonable range. Both models ran for three 5-year periods beginning in 2005 and ending in 2020. The dynamic outputs of this analysis reflect the systematic concerns about integrative uncertainties within this decision analysis, which enable decision makers and stakeholders to make all-inclusive decisions for sanitary sewer system expansion in an economically growing region.